Many new authors don’t realize there are a few distinct types of editors and are unaware of what each does. In this article, I will explain the role each type of editor plays in the writing process and introduce you to four types of editors.
1. Developmental editors do the heavy work. This is the editor you want from the beginning because they ensure the manuscript makes sense. The theme, message, and audience will always be at the forefront throughout the writing process. Developmental editors guide or coach authors through the outline and entire writing process and will check for proper voice, paragraph arrangement, structure, and flow. If the writing is unclear or has gaps in the story, developmental editors will ask clarifying questions and develop the storyline and characters, if necessary. They may even remove paragraphs or even chapters if they are too disjointed or random.
2. Line editors do a line-by-line editing of a completed body of work. Line editors scrutinize every word in every line for mechanics, structure, word choice, word overuse, clarity, and flow. They do this to ensure your writing is clear, eloquent, and polished. Some developmental editors are also line editors and will do much of the line editing during the development of the manuscript. It is important to keep in mind that these are two separate services.
3. Copy editors are much like line editors, but have a broader scope. Copy editors focus on grammar, misspellings, punctuation, run-on sentences, proper voice, clichés, and awkward phrasing. This is not necessarily a line-by-line approach, overall writing quality. Some copy editors are also line editors, but they are separate services.
4. Proofeditors or proofreaders perform the final step of the writing process before a book is published. This is also where proofeditors or proofreaders check the overall readability, consistency, flow, and quality. During this stage, it is important for proofeditors or proofreaders to identify and fix all remaining spelling, grammar, proper noun usage, sentence structure, punctuation, and formatting errors.
Each type of editor and each step in the editing process are separate. This is important when budgeting for editors. When deciding which editor to take on your project, ensure their expertise is in the area you need most. You may only need a line editor and proofreader if you are a talented writer and have no problem developing a story. If you struggle with grammar, it may be best to spend your money on a copy editor and proofreader.
My advice to authors will always be to ensure they properly budget for an excellent editor. Not all editors are created equal. Editors have different levels of skill and experience, and you should ask specific questions when choosing the best editor for your project. Don’t forget to check out my article 5 questions every author should ask potential editors to ensure you are getting the most for your money.
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